Change ISO: set the iso-value of a voxel volume

Choose the voxel value that the visible surface of a volume passes through, and the algorithm that builds this surface

2 min read
In the app
  • CTChange ISO

Change ISO sets the iso-value of a voxel volume: the voxel value that its visible surface passes through. Use it to make the surface show the structure you need, for example bone instead of skin on a CT scan, before you measure the volume or turn it into a mesh with Voxels to Mesh.

Open the Tool

Select exactly one voxel volume and click CT › Change ISO.

  • The tool is not available while Volume Rendering is on for the volume ("Volume rendering should be disabled"). Turn volume rendering off first.
  • While Change ISO is open, Volume Rendering is not available.

Every change rebuilds the surface at once, and Undo returns the previous one.

The Change ISO panel with Dual Marching Cubes on, Iso-value 936.262 and the histogram, over a dental CT scan cropped to the jaws: the surface shows the jaw bone and the teeth.

Settings

Control What it does
Dual Marching Cubes On (default): the surface is built with the Dual Marching Cubes algorithm. Off: with the standard Marching Cubes algorithm
Iso-value The surface passes through the voxels with this value. Drag the field or type a number. The range is from the smallest to the largest value in the volume
Histogram How many voxels have each value. The axis below shows the values; the scale on the right shows the share of voxels in percent, and a line marks the current iso-value. Hover a bar to see its value range and number of voxels. Click a bar to set the iso-value to the middle of that bar

Choose a Good Iso-Value

  1. Look at the histogram. Materials of different density usually form separate peaks, and a value between two peaks separates them.
  2. Click a bar between the peak of the background and the peak of the material you need, then check the surface in the viewport.
  3. Fine-tune by dragging Iso-value: a higher value keeps only denser material, a lower value adds lighter material and noise.
  4. To read the real value at a point, close Change ISO and use Volume Rendering with a clip plane: hold the mouse over the section plane to see the voxel value there, and Ctrl+click (Cmd+click on macOS) on the plane to use that value as the iso-value. Voxels Line Graph shows how the values change along a line, so you can see where the edge of the material is.

In the example, a dental CT scan was cropped to the jaws with Set Active Voxel Box. A click on the histogram set the Iso-value to 936.262: the surface shows the jaw bone and the teeth (the picture above). A click on a bar further right set it to 1 744.027, the middle of that bar: the bone is gone and mainly the teeth remain, because they are denser.

The same cropped dental CT scan after a click on the histogram set the Iso-value to 1 744.027: mainly the teeth remain; the tooltip shows the bar 1 732.1484–1 755.9062 with 8 782 voxels.

Voxels to Mesh copies the surface you see, so set the iso-value first and then convert. See How to convert voxel to mesh. For an overview of the CT tab, see CT & Voxels Basics.

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